Additionally, there was a moderate positive correlation between all the subdimensions of emotional intelligence and job satisfaction except emotional stability, where the correlation was also positive and the effect size weak. Furthermore, five dimensions of emotional intelligence such as managing relations, emotional stability, self-development, integrity, and altruistic behavior were found significant predictors of job satisfaction. Therefore, it is imperative to concentrate on those practices that promote emotional intelligence among secondary school heads. Copyright © 2020 Suleman, Syed, Mahmood and Hussain.In recent environmental research, relational values (RVs) have emerged as a new group of values to explain environmental behavior. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/fluspirilene.html Although this new concept is attracting attention, empirical studies on the subject are still rare. On this basis, we have conducted three studies to analyze an existing measurement tool for RVs and compared the construct with the concept of connection to nature. In study 1, we confirmed convergent and discriminant validity of the RV scale by comparing it with the Two Factor Model of Environmental Values (2-MEV) model using a sample of n = 350 university students. Additionally, study 1 verified reliability using test-retest reliability on three different groups of students (n 1 = 53; n 2 = 37; n 3 = 48). In study 2, principal component analyses were performed to examine the structure of RVs and to compare it to the concept of connection to nature by reusing the sample 350 university students from study 1. The results show that RVs and connection to nature are not fundamentally distinct constructs, but overlap. However, if the structure of the RV measurement is forced to a single factor, no perfect fit is found, making a multidimensional solution more likely. A third study was conducted to review the results from study 2 using confirmatory factor analysis on a new sample of 878 university and high school students. Study 3 confirmed RVs as a multidimensional construct with three factors care, community, and connection. It also proved the overlap of the connection to nature and RV concepts to some extent. Copyright © 2020 Kleespies and Dierkes.Background Mental health care professionals deal with complex ethical dilemmas that involve the principles of autonomy, justice, beneficence, and non-maleficence. Such dilemmas are even more prominent in forensic mental health care, where the restriction of personal rights is legitimated not only by patient well-being but also by public safety interests. Little is known about either the use of formal ethics support services or specific ethical needs in forensic mental health care. Knowledge about the current structures and how they compare with those in general psychiatry would help to identify the most important ethical issues and to analyze whether there are unmet needs that might require specific ethics support. Methods We performed a survey study in all general psychiatric and forensic psychiatric inpatient departments in Germany. The aims were to compare the availability and functioning of clinical ethics structures and to identify specific ethical needs in inpatient forensic and general mental health ca on how ethics support can be comprehensively implemented in forensic mental health care and how this might improve treatment quality and patient and staff well-being. Copyright © 2020 Franke, Speiser, Dudeck and Streb.Background Ethical informed consent to psychotherapy has recently been the subject of in-depth analysis among healthcare ethicists. Objective This study aimed to explore counseling and psychotherapy students' views and understanding about informed consent to psychological treatments. Methods Two focus groups were conducted with a total of 10 students enrolled in a Masters course in counseling and psychotherapy at a British university. Questions concerned participants' understanding of informed consent including judgments about client capacity; the kinds of information that should be disclosed; how consent might be obtained; and their experiences of informed consent, both as a client and as a therapist. Focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Coding was conducted independently by three authors. Results Comments were classified into three main themes (1) the reasons and justifications for informed consent; (2) informed consent processes; and (3) the hidden placements, trainees expressed mixed views, with some unclear about who was responsible for informed consent. Conclusions This qualitative study presents timely information on psychotherapy students' views about informed consent to psychotherapy. Major gaps in students' ethical, conceptual, and procedural knowledge were identified, and comments suggested the influence of a hidden curriculum in shaping norms of practice. Implications This exploratory study raises important questions about the preparedness of psychotherapy students to fulfill their ethical obligations. Copyright © 2020 Blease, Arnott, Kelley, Proctor, Kube, Gaab and Locher.Background Disrupted sleep is common among nursing home patients with dementia and is associated with increased agitation, depression, and cognitive impairment. Detecting and treating sleep problems in this population are therefore of great importance, albeit challenging. Systematic observation and objective recordings of sleep are time-consuming and resource intensive and self-report is often unreliable. Commonly used proxy-rated scales contain few sleep items, which affects the reliability of the raters' reports. The present study aimed to adapt the proxy-rated Sleep Disorder Inventory (SDI) to a nursing home context and validate it against actigraphy. Methods Cross-sectional study of 69 nursing home patients, 68% women, mean age 83.5 (SD 7.1). Sleep was assessed with the SDI, completed by nursing home staff, and with actigraphy (Actiwatch II, Philips Respironics). The SDI evaluates the frequency, severity, and distress of seven sleep-related behaviors. Internal consistency of the SDI was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha.